Parentheses () define a new list

@foo = ( "apple", "bat", "cat" );

The scalar $ plus [] references one element (note: indexes start at 0)

$foo[0] = "ape";

Creating and setting an element

$foo[3] = "dog";

Assigning multiple element values

$foo[1,3] = ( "bear", "dear" );

Adding new elements

@foo = ( @foo, "elk" ); # Append
@foo = ( "ace", @foo ); # Prepend

• A neater way of adding elements is to use the statement

push(@food, "eggs");

which pushes eggs onto the end of the array @food.

•  To push two or more items onto the array use one of the following forms:

push(@food, "eggs", "lard");
push(@food, ("eggs", "lard"));
push(@food, @morefood);