// lecture14.java: transition to Java

// Language Elements:
// -----------------
// Commentary:
// what am I? a comment
/* I am also a comment */
/* multiline comments are ok
   too
*/

// White space:
// use as much as you want, but avoid breaking language elements

// Keywords:
// ex) $do$, $for$, $if$, $class$, etc (see ChapmanJ p16)
// note: $goto$ is reserved, but not used!

// Primitive data types/constants/literals:
// - data that does not change
// - integers, real numbers, booleans, characters
// - boolean: $true$, $false$ (not 0 and 1!)

// Operators:
// - arithmetic, modulus (%), assignment (=), relation (&&, ||, !, ==, <,>, !=)
// - neat things like increment ++, +=, *=
// - related issues like promotion and casting

// Names/variables:
// - all vars must have TYPE!
// syntax) type var
// - TYPE means the classification of the data the variable may store
// - holds values
// syntax) var = expr
// - vars generally have letters,numbers,underscore ($, too, but I won't use)

// Punctuation:
//  end statements with ;
//  () for expressions and functions
//  {} for blocks of statements
//  [] used for arrays
//  '' chars
//  "" strings
//  \c escape characters
//  .  access field

//------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// Control Flow

// $if$:
// if (cond) // if the condition evaluates to true, do the following statements
//    { statements }
// else if (cond)
//    { statements }
// <more else ifs>
// else
//    { statements }
//
// - $else if$s are optional
// - may use just one $if$
// - if only 1 statement, not need {}

// $while$
// while(cond) { // while the cond is true, do the following statements
//    statements
// }

// $do$-$while$
// do {
//   statements
// while(cond)
// do statements while cond is true

// $for$
// for(init;cond;incr)
// ex) 
// for(i=1;i<=4;i++) {
//    statements
// }

// see also $switch$

//------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// Functions

// Functions (called METHODS)
// using:
// ex) System.out.println("Hello, world!");
// creating your own:
// modifiers returntype name(input args) {
//     statements
// }

// Program files:
// - use ASCII (for chars in strings, UNICODE)
// - store code in classes
// - usually 1 class per file, but may do more
//
// example)
// The magic lines:

public class Lecture14 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
	// The world's most basic Java program
    }
}